Rxiv mechanobio<p>📰 "Bacterial cellulose and keratin reinforced PAM hydrogels for advanced dye removal: Insights from batch and QCM analyses"<br><a href="https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142458" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac</span><span class="invisible">.2025.142458</span></a><br><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40157671/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/401576</span><span class="invisible">71/</span></a><br> <a href="https://biologists.social/tags/Mechanical" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mechanical</span></a> <a href="https://biologists.social/tags/Keratin" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Keratin</span></a></p>
#mechanical
19 posts7 participants2 posts today
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"Development of an oxidized alginate/decellularized retinal matrix composite scaffold for retinal tissue engineering applications"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142581
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40154691/
#Extracellular #Mechanical #Matrix
"Evaluation of the Therapeutic Efficacy of Stromal Cells Isolated from Human Corneal Lenticules for Corneal Repair after Injury in an In Vivo Model"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1007/s10517-025-06375-1
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40153163/
#Mechanical #Cell
"Muscle and intestine innexins with muscle Deg/Enac channels promote muscle coordination and embryo elongation"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1242/dev.204242
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40151885/
#Mechanical #Cell
"Functional assessment of migration and adhesion to quantify cancer cell aggression"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1039/d4sm01351d
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40151848/
#Mechanical #Adhesion #Cell
"Mechanical Forces, Nucleus, Chromosomes, and Chromatin"
https://doi.org/doi:10.3390/biom15030354
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40149890/
#Extracellular #Mechanical
"Rheological transition driven by matrix makes cancer spheroids resilient under confinement"
https://doi.org/doi:10.26508/lsa.202402601
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40147946/
#Mechanical #Matrix #Ecm
Life Science Alliance · Rheological transition driven by matrix makes cancer spheroids resilient under confinementCancer metastasis through confining peritoneal microenvironments is mediated by spheroids: clusters of disseminated cells. Ovarian cancer spheroids are frequently cavitated; such blastuloid morphologies possess an outer ECM coat. We investigated the effects of these spheroidal morphological traits on their mechanical integrity. Atomic force microscopy showed blastuloids were elastic compared with their prefiguring lumenless moruloid counterparts. Moruloids flowed through microfluidic setups mimicking peritoneal confinement, exhibited asymmetric cell flows during entry, were frequently disintegrated, and showed an incomplete and slow shape recovery upon exit. In contrast, blastuloids exhibited size-uncorrelated transit kinetics, rapid and efficient shape recovery upon exit, symmetric cell flows, and lesser disintegration. Blastuloid ECM debridement phenocopied moruloid traits including lumen loss and greater disintegration. Multiscale computer simulations predicted that higher intercellular adhesion and dynamical lumen make blastuloids resilient. Blastuloids showed higher E-cadherin expression, and their ECM removal decreased membrane E-cadherin localization. E-cadherin knockdown also decreased lumen formation and increased spheroid disintegration. Thus, the spheroidal ECM drives its transition from a labile viscoplastic to a resilient elastic phenotype, facilitating their survival within spatially constrained peritoneal flows.
The raw data for all experiments and simulations will be made available upon reasonable request.
"Extending the range of sizes of monodisperse core-shell hydrogel capsules from composite jet breakup by combined electrical and mechanical actuation"
https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.21333 #Physics.Flu-Dyn #Mechanical #Cell
arXiv.orgExtending the range of sizes of monodisperse core-shell hydrogel capsules from composite jet breakup by combined electrical and mechanical actuationThe production of monodisperse particles or droplets is a longstanding issue across various fields, from aerosol science to inkjet printing. In bioengineering, submillimeter cell laden hydrogel capsules have proven valuable for developing in vitro tissue models. A common practical approach for producing such droplets relies on the Plateau Rayleigh instability to break up a liquid compound jet in air. However, while the droplet size is closely linked to nozzle dimensions, achieving high monodispersity suitable for quantitative biological assays remains challenging due to coalescence events associated with the beads on a string morphology of viscoelastic jets. Here, a microfluidic strategy is introduced, combining electrical and mechanical actuation to enhance control and versatility over jet breakup. By fine tuning the excitation frequency to select specific modes and applying an electric potential to regulate coalescence, a phase diagram is established, enabling the generation of monodisperse droplets over a broad size range. Notably, a previously hidden effect of the electric field on jet behavior is uncovered and quantitatively characterized. Finally, after crosslinking the compound droplets, capsules with a hydrogel envelope and a core composed of a cell suspension are formed in conditions compatible with cell proliferation, which lay the groundwork for quantitative high precision biological assays.
"Soft matter mechanics of immune cell aggregates"
https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.21402 #Physics.Bio-Ph #Mechanical #Mechanics #Cell
arXiv.orgSoft matter mechanics of immune cell aggregatesT-cells are a crucial subset of white blood cells that play a central role in the immune system. When T-cells bind antigens, it leads to cell activation and the induction of an immune response. If T-cells are activated by antigens in vivo or artificially in vitro, they form multicellular aggregates. The mechanical properties of such clusters provide valuable information on different T-cell activation pathways. Furthermore, the aggregate mechanics capture how T-cells are affected by mechanical forces and interact within larger conglomerates, such as lymph nodes and tumours. However, an understanding of collective T-cell adhesion and mechanics following cell activation is currently lacking. Probing the mechanics of fragile and microscopically small living samples is experimentally challenging. Here, the micropipette force sensor technique was used to stretch T-cell aggregates and directly measure their Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength. A mechanistic model was developed to correlate how the stiffness of the mesoscale multicellular aggregate emerges from the mechanical response of the individual microscopic cells within the cluster. We show how the aggregate elasticity is affected by different activators and relate this to different activation pathways in the cells. Our soft matter mechanics study of multicellular T-cell aggregates contributes to our understanding of the biology behind immune cell activation.
"Unified Mechanical Erosion Model for Multi-phase Mass Flows"
https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.10880 #Physics.Flu-Dyn #Physics.Geo-Ph #Mechanical #Matrix
arXiv.orgUnified Mechanical Erosion Model for Multi-phase Mass FlowsErosion poses a great challenge in multi-phase mass flows as it drastically changes flow behavior and deposition pattern by dramatically increasing their masses, adversely affecting population and civil structures. There exists no mechanically-explained, unified multi-phase erosion model. We constitute a novel, unified and comprehensive mechanical erosion rates for solid and fluid phases and demonstrate their richness and urgency. This is achieved by seminally introducing interacting stresses across erosion-interface. Shear resistances from the bed against shear stresses from the landslide are based on consistent physical principles including frictional, collisional and viscous stresses. Proposed multi-phase interactive shear structures are mechanically superior and dynamically flexible. Total erosion rate is the sum of solid and fluid erosion rates which are mechanically extensive and compact. Erosion rates consistently take solid and fluid fractions from the bed and customarily supply to solid and fluid components in the flow. This overcomes severe limitations inherited by existing models. For the first time, we physically correctly construct composite, intricate erosion velocities of particle and fluid from the bed and architect the complete net momentum productions that include all interactions between solids and fluids in the landslide and bed. We invent stress correction, erosive-shear-velocity, super-erosion-drift and erosion-matrix characterizing erosion processes. By embedding well constrained extensive erosion velocities, unified erosion rates and net momentum productions including erosion-induced inertia into mass and momentum balances, we develop a novel, mechanically-explained, comprehensive multi-phase model for erosive mass flows. The new model offers great opportunities for practitioners in solving technical, engineering problems related to erosive multi-phase mass flows.
"Integrin α11β1 as a Key Collagen Receptor in Human Skin Dermis: Insight into Fibroblast Function and Skin Dermal Aging"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.jid.2025.03.006
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40139564/
#Mechanical #Cell
"Regulation of plasma membrane tension through hydrostatic pressure and actin protrusion forces"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.03.24.645030v1?rss=1 #Extracellular #Mechanical #Actin
bioRxiv · Regulation of plasma membrane tension through hydrostatic pressure and actin protrusion forcesThe plasma membrane and its associated proteins form a critical signaling hub, mediating communication between the extracellular environment and the intracellular space. Previous research suggests that both membrane trafficking and signaling activity are influenced by mechanical tension in the plasma membrane. Despite its importance, the mechanisms by which cells regulate membrane tension remain poorly understood. Using the optical tension sensor FliptR and AFM-assisted tether force measurements, we investigate plasma membrane tension regulation in mitotic cells by measuring tension changes following cytoskeletal and cell shape perturbations. Our findings show that in both assays, reported tensions are critically influenced by the cytoskeleton, however, with partially deviating trends highlighting the conceptual differences between bare and apparent membrane tension. By integrating experimental data with theoretical modeling, we demonstrate that the actin cytoskeleton regulates bare membrane tension through two distinct mechanisms: (i) modulation of intracellular hydrostatic pressure and (ii) adjustment of polymerization forces in actin-rich finger-like protrusions.
### Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
"A shape memory polynorbornene-based dynamic cell culture platform capable of providing pure mechanical strains"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114645
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40132334/
#Mechanical #Cell
"Role of chemical groups in regulating membrane tension of mBMSCs under stretch stimulation"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114644
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40132336/
#Mechanical #Cell
"Reassembly mechanism of keratin structures for the valorization of keratinous wastes"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142440
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40132708/
#Mechanical #Keratin
"Empirical Hyper Element Integration Method (EHEIM) with Unified Integration Criteria for Efficient Hyper Reduced FE$^2$ Simulations"
https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.19483 #Physics.Comp-Ph #Mechanical #Math.Na #Cs.Na #Ecm
arXiv.orgEmpirical Hyper Element Integration Method (EHEIM) with Unified Integration Criteria for Efficient Hyper Reduced FE$^2$ SimulationsNumerical homogenization for mechanical multiscale modeling by means of the finite element method (FEM) is an elegant way of obtaining structure-property relations, if the behavior of the constituents of the lower scale is well understood. However, the computational costs of this so-called FE$^2$ method are so high that reduction methods are essential. While the construction of a reduced basis for the microscopic nodal displacements using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) has become a standard technique, the reduction of the computational effort for the projected nodal forces, the so-called hyper reduction, is an additional challenge, for which different strategies have been proposed in the literature. The empirical cubature method (ECM), which has been proven to be very robust, implemented the conservation of the total volume is used as a constraint in the resulting optimization problem, while energy-based criteria have been proposed in other contributions.
The present contribution presents a unified integration criteria concept, involving the aforementioned criteria, among others. These criteria are used both with a Gauss point-based as well as with an element-based hyper reduction scheme, the latter retaining full compatibility with the common modular finite element framework. The methods are combined with a previously proposed clustered training strategy and a monolithic solver. Numerical examples empirically demonstrate that the additional criteria improve the accuracy for a given number of modes. Vice verse, less modes and thus lower computational costs are required to reach a given level of accuracy.
"Theory of multiscale epithelial mechanics under stretch: from active gels to vertex models"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.03.23.644792v1?rss=1 #Cytoskeletal #Mechanical #Mechanics
"Prostate cancer associated fibroblasts have distinct morphomechanical features that are associated with patient outcome"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.03.21.644569v1?rss=1 #Mechanical #Cell
bioRxiv · Prostate cancer associated fibroblasts have distinct morphomechanical features that are associated with patient outcomeTumour development and progression reshape the physical properties of the surrounding tumour microenvironment (TME) including its biomechanical traits. This is driven by a prominent cell type in the TME, cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which increases tissue stiffness via extracellular matrix deposition and remodelling. Currently, it is unclear whether there are also physical changes to CAFs at the cellular level and, if so, how they relate to patient outcome. Here we show that CAFs have distinct morphological and biomechanical features from normal fibroblasts. We examined matched, patient-derived CAFs and non-malignant prostate fibroblasts (NPFs) from 35 patients with primary prostate cancer. Morphologically, CAFs had more aligned stress fibres, and larger and more elongated nuclei, based on quantitative image analysis of confocal microscopy images. In addition, single-cell mechanical measurements using real-time deformability cytometry showed that CAFs are larger and stiffer than NPFs. These changes were consistent across patients and validated with atomic force microscopy. A combined morphomechanical score encompassing these features was significantly associated with patient outcome. In transcriptomic analyses, the score was correlated with microtubule dynamics and a myofibroblast phenotype. Importantly, we also demonstrated that morphomechanical features of prostate fibroblasts are modified by approved treatments for prostate cancer, such as docetaxel, and other small molecular inhibitors, such as axitinib. In summary, changes in cellular morphomechanical properties are a consistent feature of CAFs and associated with patient outcome. Moreover, cellular morphomechanical properties can be therapeutically targeted, potentially providing a new strategy for manipulating the TME to control cancer progression.
### Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
"High-Efficiency Dry-Jet Wet Spinning of Ultratoughness Regenerated Wool Keratin Fibers"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05181
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40123370/
#Mechanical #Keratin