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Audubon Ballroon<p>The Gentlemen released in 2024</p><p>All Black characters are criminally minded; but not so the white characters.</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/tv" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>tv</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackactors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackactors</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whiteactors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whiteactors</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/britishtv" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>britishtv</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/afrodanish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>afrodanish</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/afroitalians" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>afroitalians</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>Leighton Rhett Radford "Darcus" Howe (26 February 1943 – 1 April 2017) was a [british] broadcaster, writer</p><p>(1/37)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackcaribbean" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackcaribbean</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackbritish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackbritish</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blacktivists" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blacktivists</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackwriters" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackwriters</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackbroadcasters" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackbroadcasters</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackracialjusticecampaigners" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackracialjusticecampaigners</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpanthers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpanthers</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackfirsts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackfirsts</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
The Dialectical Communist 🇵🇸🇾🇪<p>Black communities have always been the engine for social change in the U.S.</p><p><a href="https://tankie.tube/w/81nAKVCkFHsUS3TeYcpLBm" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">tankie.tube/w/81nAKVCkFHsUS3Te</span><span class="invisible">YcpLBm</span></a></p><p><a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/usa" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>usa</span></a> <a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/blackcommunities" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackcommunities</span></a> <a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/africanAmericans" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>africanAmericans</span></a> <a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/blackrevolutionaries" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackrevolutionaries</span></a> <a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/socialism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>socialism</span></a> <a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/communism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>communism</span></a> <a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/psl" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>psl</span></a> <a href="https://social.marxist.network/tags/PartyforSocialismandLiberation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>PartyforSocialismandLiberation</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>The Mangrove Nine were a group of [british] Black activists tried for inciting a riot at a 1970 protest against the [pig] targeting of The Mangrove, a Caribbean restaurant in</p><p>(1/21)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackhistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackhistory</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackbritish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackbritish</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blacktivists" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blacktivists</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>Black Bag released in 2025 starring Michael Fassbender and Cate Blanchett</p><p>has two Black Characters. One is the only woman of the three to use her sexuality to manipulate a (white) man; the other is the traitor. Both subtly reinforcing negative stereotypes of Black People.</p><p>Is Black Bag therefore anti-Black racist? </p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/film" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>film</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackwomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackwomen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackbritish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackbritish</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackactors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackactors</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whiteactors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whiteactors</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/the92percent" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>the92percent</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>Charles Richard Drew (June 3, 1904 – April 1, 1950) was an American surgeon and medical researcher. He researched in the field of blood transfusions, developing improved</p><p>(1/8)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blacksurgeons" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blacksurgeons</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmedicalresearchers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmedicalresearchers</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackhistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackhistory</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>Ian Tomlinson (7 February 1962 – 1 April 2009) was a [white] newspaper vendor who collapsed and died in the City of London after being struck by a [pig] during the 2009 G-20 summit protests.</p><p>(1/3)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitebritish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitebritish</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>'Christopher Alder... died in [pig] custody at Queen's Gardens [pig] Station, Kingston upon Hull, [on 1st] April 1998. The case became a cause célèbre for civil rights campaigners in the [uk]...</p><p>(1/13)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackbritish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackbritish</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>Mickey 17 released in 2025 featuring a Black british female actor Naomi Ackie</p><p>The residents of the ice planet are translated as speaking a primitive english, when we know that ants and bees are highly communicative. The residents too literally revolve around their queen.</p><p>Perhaps we humans are those that should be shown as relatively primitive.</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackwomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackwomen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/film" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>film</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackbritish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackbritish</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whiteactors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whiteactors</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Luigi<p>Black History Icons | Azie Morton<br><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackhistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackhistory</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackexcellence" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackexcellence</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackwomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackwomen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackicons" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackicons</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/ustreasury" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ustreasury</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blacklivesmatter" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blacklivesmatter</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackliberation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackliberation</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpride" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpride</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>[I found this particulalry hard to read through.]</p><p>On November 22, 2014, Tamir E. Rice, a twelve year old African-American boy, was killed in Cleveland, Ohio, by Timothy Loehmann, a 26-year-old white patrolman</p><p>(1/13)</p><p>blackchilden <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackboys" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackboys</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>[Harry Truman was the first Black Man who was murdered by the pigs. They did so on March 31st 1870. Prior to that pigs were known as slave patrol <a href="https://mastodon.social/@audubonballroon/114258254737027878" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">mastodon.social/@audubonballro</span><span class="invisible">on/114258254737027878</span></a></p><p>1/13</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackhistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackhistory</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>The origins of modern-day policing can be traced back to the "Slave Patrol." The earliest formal slave patrol was created in the Carolinas in the early 1700s with one mission: to</p><p>(1/7)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackhistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackhistory</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>"When [pigs] came to Pamela White’s work on March 31 [2015], they told her that her son had died of a heart attack on his way to the hospital.</p><p>(1/3)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>On March [30], 2020, Daniel Prude, a 41-year-old African-American man, died after being physically restrained [on March 23 2020] by Rochester, New York [pigs]. Prude had been suffering from a mental health </p><p>(1/18)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>Prince Carmen "Rocky" Jones Jr would have been 50 on March 30th 2025 had he not been murdered by pigs on September 1st 2000.</p><p>(1/4)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
DoomsdaysCW<p>What Is A <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/PollTax" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>PollTax</span></a>? Definition and Examples</p><p>By Robert Longley, July 27, 2022</p><p>Excerpt: "In the United States, the origin of the poll tax—and the controversy surrounding it—is associated with the agrarian unrest of the 1880s and 1890s, which culminated in the rise of the Populist Party in the Western and the Southern states. The Populists, representing low-income farmers, gave Democrats in these areas the only serious competition that they had experienced since the end of Reconstruction. The competition led both parties to see the need to attract Black citizens back into politics and to compete for their vote. As the Democrats defeated the Populists, they amended their state constitutions or drafted new ones to include various discriminatory disfranchising devices. When the payment of the poll tax was made a prerequisite to voting, impoverished <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/BlackPeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>BlackPeople</span></a> and often <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/PoorWhitePeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>PoorWhitePeople</span></a>, unable to afford the tax, were denied the <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/RightToVote" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>RightToVote</span></a>. </p><p>"During the post-Civil War Reconstruction Era in the United States, the former states of the Confederacy repurposed the poll tax explicitly to prevent formerly enslaved <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/BlackAmericans" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>BlackAmericans</span></a> from voting. Although the <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/14thAmendment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>14thAmendment</span></a> and <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/15thAmendment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>15thAmendment</span></a> [s] gave Black men full <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/citizenship" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>citizenship</span></a> and <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/VotingRights" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>VotingRights</span></a>, the power to determine what constituted a qualified voter was left to the states. Beginning with Mississippi in 1890, <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/SouthernStates" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>SouthernStates</span></a> quickly exploited this legal loophole. At its 1890 constitutional convention, Mississippi imposed a $2.00 poll tax and early registration as a requirement for voting. This had catastrophic results for the Black electorate. Whereas approximately 87,000 Black citizens registered to vote in 1869, representing almost 97% of the eligible voting-age population, fewer than 9,000 of them registered to vote after the state’s new constitution took effect in 1892. </p><p>"Between 1890 and 1902, all eleven former <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/Confederate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Confederate</span></a> states imposed some form of a poll tax to deter Black Americans from voting. The tax, which ranged from $1 to $2, was prohibitively expensive for most Black sharecroppers, who earned their wages in crops, not currency. Beyond the cost, voter registration and tax payment offices were usually located in public spaces designed to intimidate potential voters, like courthouses and police stations.</p><p>"The southern states also enacted <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/JimCrowLaws" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>JimCrowLaws</span></a> intended to reinforce <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/RacialSegregation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>RacialSegregation</span></a> and restrict Black voting rights. Along with the poll tax, most of these states also imposed literacy tests, which required potential voters to read and interpret in writing sections of the state constitution. So-called 'grandfather clauses' allowed a person to vote without paying the poll tax or passing the literacy test if their father or grandfather had voted before the abolition of slavery in 1865; a stipulation that automatically precluded all formerly enslaved persons. Together, the grandfather clause and the literacy tests effectively restored voting rights to poorer White voters who could not pay the poll tax, while further suppressing the Black vote.</p><p>"Poll taxes of varying stipulations lingered in Southern states well into the 20th century. While some states abolished the tax in the years after World War I, others retained it. Ratified in 1964, the <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/24thAmendment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>24thAmendment</span></a> to the <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/USConstitution" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>USConstitution</span></a> declared the tax unconstitutional in federal elections. </p><p>"Specifically, the 24th Amendment states:</p><p> 'The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any state by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.'</p><p>"President Lyndon B. Johnson called the amendment a 'triumph of liberty over restriction.' 'It is a verification of people's rights, which are rooted so deeply in the mainstream of this nation's history,' he said.</p><p>"The <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/VotingRightsAct" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>VotingRightsAct</span></a> of 1965 created significant changes in the voting status of Black Americans throughout the South. The law prohibited the states from using literacy tests and other methods of excluding Black Americans from voting. Before this, only an estimated twenty-three percent of voting-age Black citizens were registered nationally, but by 1969 the number had jumped to sixty-one percent. </p><p>"In 1966 the U.S. Supreme Court went beyond the Twenty-fourth Amendment by ruling in the case of Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections that under the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, states could not levy a poll tax as a prerequisite for voting in state and local elections. In two months in the spring of 1966, federal courts declared poll tax laws unconstitutional in the last four states that still had them, starting with Texas on February 9. Similar decisions soon followed in Alabama and Virginia. Mississippi's $2.00 poll tax (about $18 today) was the last to fall, declared unconstitutional on April 8, 1966."</p><p><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/poll-tax-definition-and-examples-5443130" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">thoughtco.com/poll-tax-definit</span><span class="invisible">ion-and-examples-5443130</span></a><br><a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/VoterDisenfranchisement" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>VoterDisenfranchisement</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/USPol" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>USPol</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/USHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>USHistory</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/TwentyFourthAmendment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>TwentyFourthAmendment</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/FourteenthAmendment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>FourteenthAmendment</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/FifteenthAmendment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>FifteenthAmendment</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/VoterRights" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>VoterRights</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/LiteracyTests" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>LiteracyTests</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/USElections" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>USElections</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/VoterSuppression" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>VoterSuppression</span></a> <a href="https://kolektiva.social/tags/BlackAmericans" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>BlackAmericans</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>John Aaron Lewis (May 3, 1920 – March 29, 2001) was an American jazz pianist, composer and arranger, best known as the founder and musical director of the Modern Jazz Quartet.</p><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lewis_(pianist)" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lew</span><span class="invisible">is_(pianist)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackhistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackhistory</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackjazzpianists" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackjazzpianists</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpianists" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpianists</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmusicians" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmusicians</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackcomposers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackcomposers</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackarrangers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackarrangers</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackfounders" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackfounders</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmusicaldirectors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmusicaldirectors</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackdirectors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackdirectors</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>@WeSayTheirNames</p><p>...on March 29 2015, Jason Moland, 29, was unarmed and murdered by [a pig] in Ceres, CA. He was shot and [murdered] by off-duty [pig Tommy Miller] after approaching him and [Moland's] wife on a bench with a BB gun. </p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/SayTheirNames" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>SayTheirNames</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
Audubon Ballroon<p>[Stephanie Montague was murdered by pigs on March 29th 2009.]</p><p>A Memphis [pig] has been charged with hitting and [murdering] a woman while behind the wheel of his squad car. The</p><p>(1/8)</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackwomen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackwomen</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackchildren" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackchildren</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackpeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackpeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackamerican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackamerican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/police" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>police</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitepeople" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitepeople</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/whitedevil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>whitedevil</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/blackmastodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>blackmastodon</span></a></p>
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