David J. Atkinson<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://sciencemastodon.com/@brianvastag" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>brianvastag</span></a></span> Which is ironic since I’ve heard it before. The circle is coming around. I wouldn’t be mad at your friends. They are in good company.</p><p>The app “Eliza” was created by Joseph Weizenbaum c. 1967. He was a critic of early <a href="https://c.im/tags/AI" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>AI</span></a> and wanted to show how easily it could be faked. The Eliza app was scripted for various scenarios (sound familiar yet?). The most famous one simulated a <a href="https://c.im/tags/psychotherapist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>psychotherapist</span></a>. People tried it and got hooked. Weizenbaum was proved correct - intelligence was really easy to fake. Some people protested vehemently when told the experiment was over, saying it was the best therapy they ever had! Maybe so. What surprised everyone was how people reacted to Eliza. Weizenbaum pointed out that Eliza had no knowledge and it didn’t understand anything people said to it. Eliza composed its replies based entirely on <a href="https://c.im/tags/scripts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>scripts</span></a> and syntactic rules. Nobody really cared. And thus began the great schism in AI research, particularly natural language processing aka <a href="https://c.im/tags/NLP" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NLP</span></a>. The syntactics people went one way, producing <a href="https://c.im/tags/chatbots" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>chatbots</span></a>, and today’s <a href="https://c.im/tags/LLMs" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>LLMs</span></a> like <a href="https://c.im/tags/chatgpt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>chatgpt</span></a> , and the semantics people (later, myself included) went another, producing many automated knowledge-based problem-solving techniques that today are embedded in thousands of applications.</p>