"[Mary Church] Terrell was a notable Black leader in the suffragettes movement, as well as the civil rights movement ... She advocated and wrote ... on the topics of race, gender, ... Her most influential works include A Colored Woman in a White World and “What it means to be Colored in the Capital of the United States.” ... Terrell was involved in a successful lawsuit that led to the desegregation of DC area restaurants."
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https://www.archives.gov/research/african-americans/individuals/mary-church-terrell
National Archives · Mary Church Terrell (September 23, 1863 - July 24, 1954)Mary Church Terrell was a civil rights and women’s rights activist. She was born on September 23, 1863 in Memphis, Tennessee. She was one of the first African American women to attend Oberlin College in Ohio, earning an undergraduate degree in Classics in 1884, and a graduate degree in Education in 1888. Terrell taught at Wilberforce College in Xenia, Ohio, and then relocated to Washington, DC in 1887 to teach at the M Street High School. Terrell was heavily involved in the Black Women’s Club Movement.